All starter batteries have one task - to provide energy to start the engine. A battery is a chemical source of direct current, which consists of several cans (most often 6 of them), each capable of delivering 12.6 volts, then the entire battery will produce a little more than 12 volts.
Lead-acid battery models are the most common - in fact, this technology is quite old and is unlikely to be used in the future, since sulfuric acid and lead are very dangerous for humans and nature. But it's worth giving credit to the manufacturers, they use additives that legitimize lead (make it safer).
Antimony
Antimony was used in lead plates to increase their strength, in older models the percentage of antimony was up to 5 percent, but now this figure is much lower. Antimony activates electrolysis, this process can be confused with the boiling of the electrolyte, but in fact, oxygen is simply released with hydrogen.
Low antimony
These batteries have already been mentioned above - the antimony content in the plates is much less than 5 percent. Such batteries are less discharged when idle, they can withstand sudden voltage surges, which makes them a good option for domestic cars.
calcium
Calcium in these batteries came to replace antimony, which made the battery more efficient and increased its capacity. The main advantage is the low electrolyte level and low-intensity electrolysis. Although water evaporation is insignificant, it is sometimes worth checking the density of the electrolyte.
But there is also a drawback (or feature) of calcium-type batteries that are very sensitive to voltage drops in the car's network, you also need to monitor the battery charge, since with a strong discharge, its maximum performance will noticeably deteriorate.
hybrids
The grids of such batteries are made of antimony and calcium (the first positive, the second negative). Such batteries have average characteristics, because the properties of antimony and calcium batteries are combined. They steadily endure deep discharges and surges in the car's electrical network.